[{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.mylifestyle.cz\/o-rozvoj-pocitacu-se-zaslouzilo-ministerstvo-valky\/#Article","mainEntityOfPage":"https:\/\/www.mylifestyle.cz\/o-rozvoj-pocitacu-se-zaslouzilo-ministerstvo-valky\/","headline":"O rozvoj po\u010d\u00edta\u010d\u016f se zaslou\u017eilo ministerstvo v\u00e1lky","name":"O rozvoj po\u010d\u00edta\u010d\u016f se zaslou\u017eilo ministerstvo v\u00e1lky","description":"Osobn\u00ed po\u010d\u00edta\u010d je dnes b\u011b\u017enou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed kancel\u00e1\u0159\u00ed i dom\u00e1cnost\u00ed. Kolikr\u00e1t si mo\u017en\u00e1 i povzdechneme, jak jsme bez t\u00e9to modern\u00ed technologie mohli v\u016fbec \u017e\u00edt. Zaj\u00edmav\u00e9 ale je, pod\u00edvat se do po\u010d\u00edta\u010dov\u00e9 historie. Mnoho technologi\u00ed vzniklo z nep\u0159\u00edli\u0161 dobr\u00fdch d\u016fvod\u016f. Pat\u0159\u00ed sem i po\u010d\u00edta\u010dov\u00e9 syst\u00e9my. Podn\u011bt ke vzniku po\u010d\u00edta\u010d\u016f dala v\u00e1lka. V \u00fanoru roku 1946 vyhl\u00e1silo ministerstvo v\u00e1lky Spojen\u00fdch St\u00e1t\u016f […]","datePublished":"2021-06-10","dateModified":"2023-04-28","author":{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.mylifestyle.cz\/author\/devene\/#Person","name":"devene","url":"https:\/\/www.mylifestyle.cz\/author\/devene\/","identifier":2,"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/f17e51fc588a8d58b22312b5abcc2141?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/f17e51fc588a8d58b22312b5abcc2141?s=96&d=mm&r=g","height":96,"width":96}},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"mylifestyle.cz","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"\/logo.png","url":"\/logo.png","width":600,"height":60}},"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/mylifestyle.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/notebook_L2Nrdu.jpg","url":"https:\/\/mylifestyle.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/notebook_L2Nrdu.jpg","height":"","width":""},"url":"https:\/\/www.mylifestyle.cz\/o-rozvoj-pocitacu-se-zaslouzilo-ministerstvo-valky\/","about":["Technologie"],"wordCount":415,"articleBody":"Osobn\u00ed po\u010d\u00edta\u010d je dnes b\u011b\u017enou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed kancel\u00e1\u0159\u00ed i dom\u00e1cnost\u00ed. Kolikr\u00e1t si mo\u017en\u00e1 i povzdechneme, jak jsme bez t\u00e9to modern\u00ed technologie mohli v\u016fbec \u017e\u00edt. Zaj\u00edmav\u00e9 ale je, pod\u00edvat se do po\u010d\u00edta\u010dov\u00e9 historie.\t\tMnoho technologi\u00ed vzniklo z nep\u0159\u00edli\u0161 dobr\u00fdch d\u016fvod\u016f.\t\tPat\u0159\u00ed sem i po\u010d\u00edta\u010dov\u00e9 syst\u00e9my.\t\tPodn\u011bt ke vzniku po\u010d\u00edta\u010d\u016f dala v\u00e1lka.V \u00fanoru roku 1946 vyhl\u00e1silo ministerstvo v\u00e1lky Spojen\u00fdch St\u00e1t\u016f vyn\u00e1lez nov\u00e9ho stroje, kter\u00fd bude revolu\u010dn\u00ed pro mnoho odv\u011btv\u00ed pr\u016fmyslu.\t\tAvizovan\u00fd po\u010d\u00edta\u010d, kter\u00fd dostal pojmenov\u00e1n\u00ed ENIAC, byl celkem robustn\u00ed.\t\tZab\u00edral toti\u017e celou jednu m\u00edstnost.\t\tVyzna\u010doval se mal\u00fdm v\u00fdkonem a vysok\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edkonem.\t\t\t\tKa\u017ed\u00fd den v n\u011bm vyho\u0159elo n\u011bkolik sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed.A p\u0159esto to byl velk\u00fd start v po\u010d\u00edta\u010dov\u00fdch technologi\u00edch. \tMy\u0161lenkou, zkonstruovat po\u010d\u00edta\u010d, se zab\u00fdvalo mnoho v\u011bdc\u016fENIAC pochopiteln\u011b nebyl historicky prvn\u00edm po\u010d\u00edta\u010dem. Oproti sv\u00fdm p\u0159edch\u016fdc\u016fm byl ale o velk\u00fd krok d\u00e1l. V mnoha sm\u011brech se podobal t\u011bm dne\u0161n\u00edm a tak\u00e9 byl v\u00edce univerz\u00e1ln\u00ed. Zejm\u00e9na v tom, \u017ee mohl pracovat na jak\u00e9mkoliv zadan\u00e9m \u00fakolu.\t\tTento stroj zvl\u00e1dl tis\u00edce kalkulac\u00ed za jednu sekundu.\t\tMohl se tedy naprogramovat pro celou \u0159adu r\u016fzn\u00fdch \u00fakon\u016f.My\u0161lenka, sestrojit prvn\u00ed elektronick\u00fd digit\u00e1ln\u00ed po\u010d\u00edta\u010d, vznikla ale u\u017e p\u0159ed vyn\u00e1lezem Eniacu.Pracoval na n\u00ed vyn\u00e1lezce John Atanasoff. Sv\u016fj vyn\u00e1lez ale dokon\u010dit nestihl.\t\tJ\u00edm sestavovan\u00fd po\u010d\u00edta\u010d m\u011bl celou \u0159adu nedostatk\u016f.\t\t\t\tElektronick\u00fd byl pouze z \u010d\u00e1sti.\t\t\t\tByl dopln\u011bn mechanick\u00fdmi v\u00e1lci, kter\u00e9 rotovaly.\t\t\t\tCel\u00fd stroj m\u011bl tak\u00e9 pomal\u00fd chod d\u00edky pam\u011b\u0165ov\u00fdm jednotk\u00e1m.Atanasoff\u016fv po\u010d\u00edta\u010d m\u011bl pro dal\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdvoj dv\u011b z\u00e1sadn\u00ed chyby.\t\tNedal se programovat.\t\tNebyl univerz\u00e1ln\u00ed.V praxi to znamenalo, \u017ee mohl prov\u00e1d\u011bt pouze jedin\u00fd \u00fakon. A t\u00edm bylo \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed line\u00e1rn\u00edch rovnic. I p\u0159esto to byl jist\u011b krok kup\u0159edu. Ale pr\u00e1v\u011b pro nemo\u017enost naprogramovat ho, nen\u00ed tento vyn\u00e1lez uzn\u00e1v\u00e1n jako plnohodnotn\u00fd po\u010d\u00edta\u010d.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                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